Taking Russian in Summer School
In the summer after my junior year, I still needed a course to make up for the courses I had missed during the term I was out of school, in the fall of my sophomore year. I didn’t have to take anything specific, I just needed a course. I chose to take first-year Russian, my second choice after rejecting first-year Chinese, for reasons which were discussed in previous posts (see “First Bicycle”, “Ma Mei-ling”, and others.)
I moved in to an apartment in the Yard for the summer; it was normally a two or three person set of rooms, with a big living room and two bedrooms plus a bathroom. I rented a refrigerator because I intended to eat my meals in the rooms instead of using the dining hall to save money. I didn’t get a phone because it was too expensive; the phone company required a large deposit for short-term phone hook-ups, and in those days the phone company was AT&T, known as “Ma Bell”, a monopoly.
One other thing I bought for the summer was a high-velocity window fan, a special model that cost me $30, an exorbitant price in 1973, but worth it in my opinion because it really was a high velocity fan. I remember the name on the fan: Patton, and I saw in later years that the same company made the same model, as well as larger ones, for a long time. The fan required occasional oiling with a 30 weight oil, which I found in 2 ounce squirt bottles at the hardware store.
This fan was a lifesaver because the rooms were on the top floor and it got very hot in the afternoons. I could turn the fan on high and sit in front of it to catch the breeze, and the air it brought in from outside was tolerably cool.
The first day of class, I found about sixteen other students in small classroom with the instructor, a young, bearded Russian, slender and Romantic, with long thin fingers and a long, hooked nose. Like most Russians in the US, he was anti-communist, but he didn’t admit to any Royalist tendencies. He was patient and low key, which was helpful because we spent four hours every morning drilling intensely and repetitively, and the atmosphere sometimes became tense with frustration.
The first week we concentrated on the alphabet, and by the end of the week we were expected to know how to write Russian in longhand. The Russian alphabet has several more letters than the English alphabet, and the familiar letters don’t look exactly like the equivalent English letters. In the evenings I studied for several hours to fix in my mind the necessary writing skills.
We also started on memorizing words and pronunciations in the first week, wasting no time, for we had only a few weeks to learn a year’s worth of introductory Russian.
The rooms were big and empty, with only three beds, study desks, and chairs– no other furniture at all except for the two small refrigerators, the one I rented and the one that just happened to be there. The kids who handled the rental refrigerators knew I had two, but they didn’t care; apparently they had some extras that weren’t needed. The rental service was under the control of the school housing department and they used students to do the lower level work, as part of their work-study program.
I had been offered the choice of taking out a National Defense Student Loan or joining the work-study program; I chose the loans because I didn’t think I’d be able to study and work at the same time. The work-study program used students to clean the bathrooms and halls of all the student houses, to do various menial tasks around the University, to serve food in the cafeteria, and so on. It turned out that by the time I had to start repaying the loan, when I began my residency, I was making enough money so that the $50 a month didn’t matter much.
I had just bought a classic book entitled “Light on Yoga”, by BKS Iyengar, which illustrated and described all the yoga poses. I used the book to introduce myself to yoga; the way the book was organized made this easy by starting with the simplest poses and progressing pose by pose. The illustrations and instructions were clear and complete, and I had no difficulty in replicating the poses, or at least the simple ones.
The living room was perfect for yoga practice, being practically empty of furniture and having large windows all across one wall that let in the sunlight. I used my closed cell foam sleeping mat, the one I had gotten for camping, to sit on and lie down on.
In silence, I repeated the repertoire of poses, ending with the cool down pose of just lying flat on the floor with my hands at my sides. I didn’t have anything to listen to music with, not even a radio, and I didn’t realize at the time how much the silence could affect me.
The only visitor I had was a friend from my club, the Spee Club, a club devoted to a more oddball set of students, or at least they seemed more simpatico to me. This friend was a dealer, but not a very good one; he spent too much time drinking to be very successful at pushing drugs. I didn’t buy anything from him because I didn’t have any money, but he was generous with samples and seemed to think that I was a cool guy to associate with.
One evening he showed up at my rooms with a package in a brown paper shopping bag. He asked me if I would mind keeping this bag in my closet for a few days. I didn’t have to ask him what was in the bag. He explained that he was staying at the club and he didn’t want to take a chance on being discovered by the club steward, who was a nosy and conservative local who couldn’t be trusted. My friend was already suspect to the workers at the club; he had been warned after being discovered smoking pot on the roof.
I didn’t mind holding his product for him, and indeed felt touched that he had confidence in me. It was only later that I realized he was just using me, a convenient stooge on whom no suspicion was likely to fall.
I began to feel lonely, a single student who did nothing but go to class in the morning and study all evening. I usually took a nap in the afternoon with the fan blowing on me, and I couldn’t sleep at night so I took to studying late, which eventually made me drowsy. I would wake up at four or five AM and I couldn’t go back to sleep, so I started doing yoga early in the morning, at dawn.
The Russian quickly became an interesting problem, and I found it easy memorizing the daily words– some twenty or thirty a day– with pronunciation being hardly more difficult, aided by the native Russian, Moscow accent of the instructor. Writing in long hand, in Russian, was graceful and flowing, better than English it seemed.
I went to the bookstore and bought the biggest Russian-English dictionary I could find. It was in two volumes, the first English to Russian and the second Russian to English; each volume was about four inches thick. There was no reason to need such a big dictionary, but I liked to have books that represented the knowledge implied by the classes I took.
When it came time to write the final examination, I was fully prepared. The exam consisted of a series of English sentences that were to be translated into Russian. It was straightforward for me. I ended with an A-. The only reason I didn’t get a straight A was, first, there were two students who were better than I, and second, I got sick and missed a day of class.
More on how I got sick next time.
The big news from Baltimore is that the recently elected District Attorney has indicted six police officers for the arrest and death of Freddie Gray. Her logic is impeccable: running from the police is not a crime; the knife he was arrested for having in his possession was a legal knife; and he was clearly injured, according to the autopsy, in the police van. This, at the very least, justified the indictment for false arrest.
The autopsy showed that he had a fatal, large force injury in the back of his head that was shaped like a bolt in the bulkhead of the van. This blunt injury caused a fracture of the spinal column and partial transection of the spinal cord; in addition, he had a crushed larynx that may have been caused by the same injury.
There is evidence, from what the police officers testify (all but the van driver have testified) that they initially looked in on him for complaints of pain and difficulty breathing, but merely set him back up on the seat. Thereafter, he was looked at and spoken to several times, but was unresponsive. This suggests that he was injured early on during the van ride. This also forms the basis for charges of involuntary manslaughter.
It is irrelevant to say that Freddie Gray was, while not currently wanted by the police, a known lawbreaker who had been arrested several times. That is no excuse for stopping someone without probable cause. There is equally no excuse for arresting a man for possessing a legal knife when the size and style of legal knifes should be well known to a beat officer.
Then, the fact that the new District Attorney is a 35 year old black woman is irrelevant as well; it may as well be said that she is a fifth generation police officer.
Then there is the attitude of the indicted police officers themselves: (With the awareness that, although they have been arrested, someone has posted their $250 thousand bail, they have seen the judge, and they have been released and are free to come and go as they please, at least to a limited extent.)
““They came, they did their job, they regret that someone was killed. But in their hearts and in their minds, they think that they did the right thing. And they hurt behind the backlash of it more than anything, and being left out there with no support,” the relative of one of the six officers involved with Gray’s arrest told WBAL.”
That’s alright. The first stage in Mourning is Denial.
Car Crash in Tehran
The New York Times (NYT) reported yesterday on an unusual car crash in the city of Tehran, Iran that was said to have occurred “recently.” It was a single vehicle crash and occurred at five in the morning. The vehicle involved was a yellow Porsche Boxster, a 2015 model. From evidence at the scene, the police determined that the driver, a 20 year old girl, had been going 120 miles an hour when she hit the right hand curb and crossed the road, coming to rest against a palm tree in the median. Both driver and passenger, a 21 year old man, were killed, the passenger surviving for a few hours in the hospital. A photograph of the vehicle after the crash was included.
What makes this crash particularly unusual, in Iran, is that the passenger was the grandson of a high official in the government, and was affianced to someone other than the driver, a classic beauty from a poor part of town whose photograph was also included. Technically, it is illegal in Iran for unmarried men and women to be together.
It seems that the young in Iran have somewhat similar problems to the young in other countries. This makes the Shia Muslim government very sad. No doubt that is why social Internet media reacted to the crash with scorn more than sympathy.
The image of a yellow Porsche Boxster speeding through the streets of Iran’s capital, Tehran at five in the morning is particularly ironic. A naive twenty year old girl who doesn’t know how to drive is at the wheel. The slightest twitch of the wheel at speed will throw the Boxster across the track. A tiny lapse of attention could result in losing control.
Then, after the crash, there is the warm dead body of a beautiful young girl who was alive a minute ago, and the passenger, critically injured, gasping and choking. There are unseen moments that no one has registered: a skid, contact with the palm trunk, crumpling superstructure and breaking glass; the girl is dead and won’t remember, the boy is choking on blood, draining into his larynx, can’t remember what happened, just the terrible silence after the car comes to rest and oil begins to puddle on the pavement, the engine ticks, contracting and cooling, oil pan is ruptured and drooling out onto the pavement.
A long time later, and the boy is unconscious, come the sirens and finally, too late, medics to pull the boy onto a stretcher. He is given oxygen by mask, an IV in the arm, and a rigid neck collar. They take their time about removing the girl; they handle her limp, cooling body with reluctance and tenderness. She, too, goes on a stretcher, covered with a blanket.
The sun is rising; the sky changes from black to orange to blue. The streetlights, one by one, go out.
I would like to draw your attention to a report issued by the Institute of Medicine (a part of the National Academies, which include the Academy of Medicine, of Engineering, and the National Research Council, all of which are considered non-governmental organizations although they were chartered by the US government.) This report, issued in 2013, details the lower life expectancy at birth of Americans as compared to the European democracies, England, Australia, Canada, and Japan.
The US has long been behind these other advanced countries but the situation has gotten worse in the last 40 years. For men, Switzerland leads at 79.33 years, and the US is last (seventeenth) at 75.64. For women, Japan leads at 85.98 and the US is sixteenth at 80.78. The most striking deficiencies, in terms of years of life lost before age 50, are unintentional injuries, perinatal conditions (especially for women), intentional injuries (especially for men), drug-related causes, cardiovascular causes (especially in women), and noncommunicable diseases other than heart disease. The number of years of life lost before age fifty in the US is nearly twice that compared to the best of other countries. Paradoxically, once an individual has reached age 75, he or she is more likely to survive than in other countries.
The advantage for elderly individuals is quite probably due to the fact that all Americans over 65 are covered by Medicare. Conversely, there is a marked deficiency of health insurance coverage among younger Americans as compared to other countries– almost all of them have universal government-supplied health insurance. Other causes of premature death relate to the high rate of children in poverty (one-fifth of Americans), higher rates of HIV and AIDS, higher rates of homicide and injuries, and automobile accidents. However, Americans have lower rates of smoking and drink less than residents of other countries.
It is clear from these statistics that Americans are suffering explicitly through lack of health care insurance and access to health care. There are also indications that Americans are exposed to more gunshot injuries as well as unintentional injuries. Americans also have higher rates of drug abuse and consume more calories than people in other countries. Some of these differences may be related to greater income inequality in the United States, due to lack of health insurance for the poor.
Another cause of shorter life expectancy is the fact that the US has the highest rate of teenaged pregnancy, and more than seven in every thousand Americans is imprisoned (a rate that has tripled in the last thirty years and is more than five times the average rate in other countries.) The New York Times, in an opinion piece, blamed income inequality for the excess infant mortality rate, because white, college-educated, married women have rates of mortality equal to those in Europe, while disadvantaged women suffer dramatically greater mortality.
Whatever the cause, health care spending has not remedied it, because we spend almost twice as much as other developed countries do. The NYT doesn’t blame the medical system for high mortality, because our medical care is considered the highest quality in the world when it is available.
Nonetheless, we can blame unequal access to medical care for much of the disparity in life expectancy. This is as good an argument as any for a national health care system supported by taxes that covers all Americans and provides access to everyone, regardless of ability to pay, with no co-pays.
The Strange Death of Jesus Huerta
Shortly after 2 AM on November 19, 2013, a police officer was transporting Jesus Huerta, a 17 year old male, to police headquarters after arresting him on an outstanding trespassing warrant. He was said to be carrying a backpack full of stolen items. Jesus was handcuffed with his hands behind his back, and was sitting in the back of officer Samuel Duncan’s squad car. According to Mr. Duncan’s report, he heard a loud noise and jumped out of the car. It rolled a short distance and came to rest after striking a van. Again according to Mr. Duncan’s report, he then discovered that Mr. Huerta had shot himself in the mouth with a .45 pistol, killing himself instantly. He was still sitting in the back seat with his hands cuffed behind his back, and the pistol was lying on the floor, on the passenger side.
According to a supplement to the police investigation, when Mr. Duncan jumped out of the squad car, two other officers were present and heard him say he though his passenger was shooting at him.
According to the autopsy report, there was a gunshot wound that extended from the left lower lip just left of the midline, through the mouth and grazing the tongue, through the hard palate and brain, and exiting the upper back of the head just left of the midline. The anterior wound was measured at 7.5 inches from the top of the head and the posterior wound was 1.5 inches from the top. In other wounds, the bullet traveled in an upward direction through the head, almost parallel to the middle. In addition, on the right front of Mr. Huerta’s jacket, there was a perforation that was covered with soot on the outside, indicating that the bullet had passed through the jacket after exiting the pistol and before entering the head.
Finally, there was a small 1/8 inch laceration on the back of Mr. Huerta’s right index finger.
The bullet was found lodged in the roof of the patrol car, on the right side at the junction of the back and front seats.
There was gunpowder residue on the gloves Mr. Huerta was wearing, and no residue on Mr. Duncan’s hands. The pistol had disappeared after last being recorded in a Georgia pawnshop in 1991.
The pistol was a Haskell (Hi-Point) .45 caliber semi-automatic single action that weighed 2 pounds empty of ammunition. It sold for $200 new and was considered a very inexpensive weapon. I was unable to locate any further description of the particular pistol, but there is a photograph in the supplementary investigation report.
The video recorder for the patrol car was turned on at the beginning of Mr. Duncan’s shift, but it automatically turned itself off when he exited the car and he did not turn it back on to record Mr. Huerta’s period of occupancy.
The family said that they had called 911 at 2 AM because Mr. Huerta had left the house after mentioning killing himself, and they were afraid for him. The police treated the situation as a runaway; they quickly located him and a friend on a street corner. The two gave false names, but were shortly identified; Mr. Huerta was arrested when an outstanding misdemeanor warrant for second degree trespassing was found. The other was eventually arrested for impeding a police officer after his right name was found. Mr. Huerta was being transported a mile to the police building and had arrived at the parking lot when the incident occurred
These wounds, the perforation in the jacket, and the fact that the autopsy surgeon received the body with the handcuffs still on in the posterior position, all suggest that Mr. Huerta could not have pulled the trigger, at least not with his finger. It is remotely possible that Mr. Huerta had the pistol in his jacket pocket and that it fired accidentally, perforating the jacket before entering his head.
However, there is the question of how Mr. Duncan could search Mr. Huerta (and he was observed to have patted him down and checked his pockets) and not find a relatively large, heavy (well over 2 pounds loaded) pistol in his jacket pocket. The final disposition was that Mr. Duncan was administratively sanctioned, 40 hours pay, and Mr. Huerta was said to have committed suicide with the undiscovered pistol.
If Mr. Huerta did shoot himself with the pistol in some way other than by holding it in his hands and firing it, there is the question of how he got gunpowder residue on his gloves. If he did fire it in the usual way, how did he reach his final position with his hands behind his back and the gun on the floor?
The absence of a video recording of the incident, even though the squad car was equipped with a standard recorder, makes the entire incident that much more mysterious. The recorder had switched itself off because the car had been shut off for more than fifty minutes, to save the batteries. When the car was restarted, it was necessary to manually restart the video recorder, a design feature that lends itself to problems such as this.
This incident underlines the usefulness of video recordings, although this wasn’t a case where a body camera would have helped. Nonetheless, the installed video recorder, if it had been running, would have gone a long way towards understanding this baffling case.
For those of you who haven’t heard this yet, a young Baltimore man named Freddie Gray died a week after being arrested; immediately after arrest, it was discovered by emergency personnel that he had a near total spinal cord injury. The circumstances of his arrest and the injury caused by the arrest are in some dispute, but it appears that the police department cannot deny responsibility for causing his spinal cord to be severed.
According to the New York Times, there was a report that not only had “80 percent” of his spinal cord severed, but also that his “larynx was crushed.” These two injuries, either one of which could be fatal, may or may not have occurred during the performance of some particular action, each specify a cause for excessive force used in the arrest. It is said that the arrest occurred after he tried to escape the police on a bicycle. He was heard by numerous witnesses screaming as he was put in a police van, whether in pain or fear is unspecified.
The exact circumstances of the grievous injuries that Freddie Gray suffered are in doubt, mainly because none of the witnesses will talk, and being police officers, they have a right not to explain their actions. If each police officer was wearing a miniature camera attached to his or her shirt pocket, a camera that could not be turned off, the cause of Freddie Gray’s death would be more apparent.
Now, just after his burial, there are riots and the National Guard has been called out. Baltimore is a majority black city that has a black mayor and black police chief but whose lower level city employees are partly holdovers from previous unrepresentative city governments. Thus the lack of respect for the police department shown in rioting, at least in one way of looking at it. In another way, the riots were an inevitable consequence of a very poor prior behavior record of the police officers, individually and as a group.
There is general agreement that the Baltimore police department has a problem with excessive use of force and alienation from the community. Freddie Gray is not the first young black man to be killed by Baltimore police officers under questionable or obviously unwarranted circumstances.
The death of Freddie Gray merely added another to the cases, evidence of a deliberate though unwritten policy of maximum use of force. There is no punishment for merely punching the arrestee a couple of times. Fellow officers can always be relied upon for corroboration of the standard lies about “he was reaching for his pocket” and the like.
The cure for this problem: now that the technology is here, a miniature camera perched on the shirt pocket of every police officer, a camera that cannot be turned off. Soon, police training will include a short course in etiquette and the practice of verbally de-escalating a situation. It is incredible that technology appears to offer a magical solution to the problem of excessive use of force, but I think that it has actually happened.
Covering one’s camera lens with a piece of electrical tape will be prima facie evidence of malign intent. How simple can one get? I am sold, and I invite objections to this idea.
Comment(s) of the Day
Andrew
New York, NY
Jeb Bush’s decision to effectively outsource his campaign to his largest contributor will seal his fate as a losing candidate, even before the campaign begins in earnest. The old maxim that “if they’ll give me $5, they’ll give me their vote” still rings true in voting. Having 50 of your father’s closest business partners pony up $1 million each for your campaign is hardly an exercise in connecting with voters (and receiving their votes).
New York City Chris Boese
The SuperPACs (and the journalists who cover them) are both guilty of an unsupported leap of logic: That all the money in the world can actually buy an election, with world enough and time.
I believe the scholarship has disproven this thesis, though I don’t have the links right in front of me. The findings show that, yes, money CAN help a candidate, give a big boost, but ultimately, it can’t polish a turd.
World enough and time, all the king’s horses and all the king’s men, all SuperPACs combined, for instance, could NOT put Ted Cruz in the White House. Or Rand Paul.
Now the other more middling, mainstream-y types, yeah, they get stuff paid for, they get media cover, they get their names repeated ad nauseum. Funny, though, how all the money in the world just cannot buy the kind of reputation Elizabeth Warren has with voters. Not that she should run, but I’m just making the point: authenticity and integrity should trump money-driven marketing pooh any day.
I still have faith in that. This week, at least.
[my personal opinion: the Republican candidates are so odious and so out of touch with the people that they will not be able to win a presidential election. The gerrymandered House candidates are another story altogether– the districts will elect anything put before them with the right party affiliation.]
Dr Oz Defended, and Attacked Again
There has appeared, in the New York Times, an opinion piece by Bill Gifford, titled “Dr Oz is no Wizard, but no Quack, Either.” I didn’t know who Bill Gifford was, but since he has written a book (or maybe several) and gets published in the NYT, I assume he’s more important than me. As another “voice crying out in the wilderness” however, I have to disagree with Bill. He does make short work of the recent British Medical Journal article about Dr Oz; it’s impossible to evaluate the article’s claims without reading specifically which eighty health claims or statements were “randomly” chosen for analysis. As Bill says, “only nine” of the eighty claims were specifically disproven; the rest were just open to question.
Here are my three big issues with Dr Oz:
First, there is the issue of Dr Oz’s promotion of, for example, homeopathy and reiki. We know, from scientific study, that both these therapies are worthless. Dr Oz is lucky that they are harmless as well, because Heaven only knows how many people are assiduously attempting to use these therapies to better their health on the basis of his recommendations.
Second, there is the issue of his “partnerships”– or are these endorsement deals, a particularly odious way for a man who trades on his charisma, rather than his sports talent, to make a living? Surely, if he is promoting “alternative” medicines or treatments by attaching his name to them, and is getting something out of the arrangement, he is committing health care fraud.
Third, there is the odd specter of a cardiovascular surgeon who spends most of his time in front of a TV camera talking. Does he really think that he is better qualified than the other 10,000 family practicioners, internal medicine specialists, public health experts, nutritionists, and professors of sociology to give general health advice to random patients? Would he allow any of these various and sundry other individuals who are trained in public health to practice cardiovascular surgery to make up for the time he doesn’t spend in the operating room or the laboratory?
After all, if he is so talented at providing health advice of a general nature to TV audiences, perhaps he should abandon his surgical practice and go full time on TV. That’s all I’m suggesting. While he’s at it, he should resign his position as assistant head of surgery and stop making skeptical patients wonder just how good of a surgeon (and supervisor of surgeons) he really is. His continuing in this faculty position makes it look as if the average assistant chief of surgery can just phone it in and continue to collect his salary.
This is my basic objection to the way Dr Oz makes his living: he continues to hold down a supposedly serious job at an institution where people are trying to do serious work, while at the same time making money as an entertainer with no serious controls as to what he promotes on a supposedly serious topic. He brings down shame on the institution that continues to carry him on its books as a supposedly serious-minded person.
Rahm Emanuel is no Better than Richard Daley
From an article in VICE about lying by police officers that is already two years old:
“In November 2012, a federal judge in Chicago held the city responsible for the pervasive deception of its police department after its officers refused to properly investigate the complaint of a bartender who was severely beaten by a drunk off-duty cop to whom she had denied service. The arresting officers went to great lengths to protect their coworker, and another city employee attempted to bribe the victim into silence. The city is appealing the ruling and Chicago Mayor Rahm Emanuel filed legal papers suggesting that there should be a code of silence about the code of silence.
”
[Vice, February 3, 2013, by Nick Malinowski]
Comment of the Day
There were a fairly large number of comments to a NYT article on the war in Yemen (348 so far) but this one stood out:
”
Chump
Hemlock NY Yesterday
Other than the notice of a byline “OBOCK, Djibouti” there is no indication of western involvement in this story. But between the lines: there is a US Marine base in Djibouti and American drones are launched from there. The “warplanes” of the Emirates and the Saudis are made in the US. The Marines protect the Djibouti airport, the drones provide intel for the proxies flying American planes. So though the article doesn’t say so, we’re in it thick as thieves– which everyone knows without the article saying so.
“