A Really Great Rock

This is Half Dome, in Yosemite Valley, visible from the highway.
Moonrise in the Hills

I’m not sure just when or where this picture was taken.
Waterfall

This small seasonal waterfall was in the San Bernadino mountains.
MPR, which is distributed by Haymarket Media (I couldn’t figure out in the time available to me what MPR stands for) sent me an email today, repeating an article in the Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (a great little mag for statistics nuts), that four cases of Vitamin K deficiency bleeding were noted in newborns at a single hospital in Nashville, TN between February and September of this year. Three of the neonates had bleeding into the brain, and one had gastrointestinal bleeding. One victim now has a motor deficit; the other three are too young to evaluate.
Why have you never seen a case of Vit K deficiency bleeding? Because newborns are routinely given an injection of Vitamin K shortly after birth in the nursery. Neonates who do NOT have this injection face an “81 times greater” risk of deficiency bleeding (frequently into the brain) than those who DO get the shot.
The shot is optional, that is, parents are informed beforehand and can opt to not have their baby injected. One would imagine that a nearly one hundred times greater risk for such a serious disease would make the average parent opt in and choose to get the shot. But no. At least not in Tennessee. The shot has been routine since 1961 throughout the United States.
The incidence of “early” and “classical” Vitamin K deficiency bleeding in neonates who do not get the shot is about “0.25% to 1.7% of births; incidence of late VKDB ranges from 4.4 to 7.2 per 100,000 infants,”
“At the Nashville hospital with the highest proportion of neonates not administered vitamin K, 3.4% of 3,080 infants discharged from the newborn nursery received no vitamin K injection. In contrast, 28.0% of 218 neonates at birthing centers did not receive vitamin K. Case-finding efforts revealed no additional cases of late VKDB in Tennessee in 2013.The relative risk for developing late VKDB has been estimated at 81 times greater among infants who do not receive intramuscular vitamin K than in infants who do receive it” [MMWR report, Nov. 15]
So, there are the statistics. One would think that, based on those numbers, a parent would insist on getting a Vitamin K shot at birth if it didn’t cost an inordinate amount of money. On the other hand, even a small expense may deter a parent from getting the shot. If the parent refuses the shot because they can’t afford it, and then the baby develops grave illness from, say, intracranial bleeding, that costs an enormous amount of money, who pays? Well, in fact, we all pay, because the baby whose parent can’t pay the bill will be supported by a state Medicaid program, whose expenses are paid by taxes.
Therefore, the issue of whether children automatically get vitamin K shots at birth becomes an important economic one for the society as a whole. This is particularly so because the expenses caused by vitamin K deficiency are totalled up through the whole society and become large as a result. So, for a risk of one percent of births having bleeding, we have ten thousand affected out of every million born, and if there is an average cost of ten thousand dollars per patient, then there is a hundred million dollars spent for every million births. That is why our government budget is measured in the trillions of dollars, and that is why we must address these costs so as to minimize them.
Few Americans are aware that the USA spends almost twice as much per person for medical care as any European nation, or any developed nation for that matter, such as Canada. These costs are unnecessary and they go in to the pockets of the medical manipulators as excess profits. We do not receive care that is twice as good as they get in Europe; in fact, based on life expectancy, our care is worse. To repeat, these excessive costs do not deliver better care, only higher profits into the pockets of the medical establishment.
Automatic vitamin K shots at birth is only one of many medical practices that have already been shown to lengthen lives and reduce medical costs. If these practices were put in place all over the country, regardless of patient’s ability to pay, our total costs would actually go down dramatically, and we would be much healthier. This is the best reform of health care that money could buy.
Double Rainbow

Where I live we see these more often than average, because the thunderstorms pass over our house to the east, as the sun is setting in the west. Thus we are frequently in the sweet spot for two complete rainbows.
Proposed Amendment to the Constitution of the United States of America: “Equal Time Amendment”
Proposed Amendment to the Constitution of the United States of America
1.”The principle of “equal time” shall govern all elections for public office in the United States, whether local, county, state, or federal. “Equal time” means that each and every declared candidate for public office shall have equal access to all forms of media for the delivery of that candidate’s political statements. The purpose of “equal time” is to give the voting citizens adequate knowledge of each and every candidate’s qualifications and positions and remove the influence of private financing from political campaigns. Time shall be apportioned to each candidate without charge by all media having government licenses to broadcast or disseminate information, provided that commercial messages may be interspersed for the purpose of providing adequate monetary support to the organization producing the medium. ”
2.”The relevant executive agencies (eg, FCC) shall be empowered to make and enforce regulations that guarantee “equal time” is provided by all media.”
It is recommended that, in local elections, candidates be given time on a dedicated television channel sponsored by cable and satellite television companies. Organized debates could be one way of giving candidates time to speak.
For state and federal elections, it is suggested that declared candidates be limited to short statements on TV, say five minutes long, that can be interspersed with commercials as needed to provide the broadcasting companies adequate recompense for the air time used that would otherwise be used for other programming. The candidates can be given relatively unlimited space in newspapers, magazines, and on web sites, as this is much cheaper to produce.
It is further recommended that all political messages, whether for or against a candidate or relating to a particular piece of legislation, be required to be identified as to source or author, and that such messages be counted in the “equal time” calculations needed to provide maximum fairness in political dialogue.
The purpose of this requirement is to prevent anonymous political messages and to prevent private companies and individuals from purchasing time to convey messages that overwhelm the time given to the candidates they oppose.
It may be necessary to enact regulations that require a person purchasing time for a political message to also purchase an equal amount of time that will be given to those on the opposite side of the argument.
One of the most important reasons for this amendment is the possibility that organized crime figures could “take over” the political discourse with the injection of sufficient amounts of anonymous money. Under the Citizens United precedent, the Supreme Court has ruled that any individual or group can influence an election or referendum by using money, anonymously gathered and disbursed, to create such items as television commercials that endorse or denigrate specific candidates or issues.
Since money is neutral, that is, agnostic as to its origins, any cause or person can obtain a decisive advantage in a popular election or referendum with the application of sufficient amounts of money. With the added advantage of anonymity, any group, even one that obtained all of its funds through illegal enterprises, could obtain decisive advantages in elections.
Such an advantage, available even to organized crime, is dangerous to the very concept of open democracy. The danger is so great that significant steps must be taken to forestall the risk of taking over our government by organized crime figures.
In fact, even now, a significant aspect of organized crime has overtaken our government. I refer to the control by pharmaceutical companies of important parts of our administration, since this is the area with which I am most familiar. Pharmaceutical companies have tailored Medicare Part D to suit their profit-making needs. They have used the Food and Drug Administration to maximize their profit potential and minimize their risk of adverse administrative and legal actions by the government. In fine, the pharmaceutical companies have taken over the parts of government that relate to their profit-making potential, enabling them to maximize profits and minimize risk.
There are many other parts of government that have already been taken over by large companies through lobbying and undue influence. One example is the “military industrial complex” of which we were warned by President Eisenhower. Most areas in which the government is nominally required to exert control in order to prevent exploitation of people and diversion of resources have already been taken over by the industries which they are supposed to control.
The only solution to these take-overs is for the people to reassert control over their exploiters. The people must first learn, be educated, and understand who is their true master and who is their benefactor. Our true benefactor is the government, shorn of its lobbyists, with its rules and regulations controlling who can make money off of what enterprises and in what ways. The true masters, with their own best interests in mind, are the corporations and companies that try to bend the government to their will.
We, as the people, must re-assert our control over the government and remove the corporations and their lobbyists from their seats of power.
Four Geese at Sunset

The white undersides of these geese appear red in the sunset light.
Area Closed For Reforestation

I found this wooden sign on a badly thrashed lakeside vista ten miles from the trailhead that appeared to have been attacked with axes, although the garbage had been picked up.
Cat With One Blue Eye and One Green Eye

This cat was all white and had mismatched eyes. He made a good photo subject and was very docile.
Red Wall

Canyon Walls in Zion National Park